Vehicle Temperature Sensor

Vehicle Temperature Sensor Market Outlook

The global vehicle temperature sensor market is projected to reach approximately USD 6 billion by 2035, growing at a compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of around 6% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2035. The increasing demand for advanced automotive technologies, driven by evolving consumer preferences for enhanced safety features, efficiency, and convenience, is a significant growth factor. Furthermore, the rising focus on stringent emission regulations by governments worldwide has led to an increased emphasis on the development of sensors that can accurately monitor vehicle temperatures, thereby improving overall engine performance and reducing emissions. Additionally, the growing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid vehicles is anticipated to create further opportunities for temperature sensor technologies that cater specifically to the thermal management needs of these vehicles. The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technology into modern vehicles is also expected to drive market growth as automakers seek enhanced connectivity and data analytics capabilities.

Growth Factor of the Market

The vehicle temperature sensor market is witnessing robust growth due to several compelling factors. One of the primary drivers is the continuous advancement in automotive technologies, which necessitates accurate temperature measurements for optimal vehicle performance. With the increasing complexity of vehicle systems, such as engine management and climate control, the need for reliable temperature sensors has become paramount. Additionally, stringent emission norms and fuel efficiency standards imposed by regulatory bodies worldwide are propelling automakers to invest in technologies that can provide precise temperature monitoring and management. The burgeoning electric and hybrid vehicle market also plays a critical role, as these vehicles require specialized temperature sensors for battery management and thermal regulation. Lastly, the growing trend toward vehicle automation and autonomous driving technologies is further fuelling the demand for advanced sensors, creating a favorable environment for the vehicle temperature sensor market to thrive.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The vehicle temperature sensor market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 6% from 2025 to 2035.
• The increase in electric vehicle production is driving demand for advanced temperature sensor technologies.
• Tightening emission regulations are compelling manufacturers to adopt advanced monitoring solutions.
• Technological advancements in IoT and connectivity are enhancing the capabilities of vehicle temperature sensors.
• The aftermarket segment is expected to witness significant growth due to rising vehicle age and maintenance demands.

By Product Type

Thermocouples :

Thermocouples are one of the most widely used types of temperature sensors in the automotive sector, known for their wide temperature range and durability. These sensors operate on the principle of thermoelectricity, generating a voltage output that corresponds to the temperature difference between two junctions made of different metals. In vehicles, thermocouples are primarily used to monitor exhaust gas temperatures, engine temperatures, and other critical components. Their ability to withstand extreme environmental conditions and high temperatures makes them particularly suitable for performance-oriented applications. Furthermore, the ongoing advancements in thermocouple technology, such as improved calibration techniques and miniaturization, are enhancing their application potential, particularly in high-performance and electric vehicles.

Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs) :

Resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) are renowned for their superior accuracy and stability. RTDs function by measuring the resistance of a metal, typically platinum, which changes predictably with temperature variations. These sensors are highly accurate and offer excellent linearity, making them suitable for applications requiring precise temperature control, such as engine coolant and HVAC systems. The increasing trend of using RTDs in automotive applications is largely driven by the need for enhanced safety and efficiency, particularly in advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and automated vehicles. The growing demand for electric and hybrid vehicles, which require precise thermal management, is also creating a favorable market for RTDs, as manufacturers prioritize thermal stability and battery management.

Thermistors :

Thermistors are temperature-sensitive resistors that have become increasingly popular in the automotive sector due to their high sensitivity and rapid response time. These sensors are primarily employed in applications where precise temperature measurement is essential, such as engine control units and HVAC systems. Thermistors can be classified into two categories: NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) and PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient), with NTC thermistors being more commonly used in automotive applications. The rise in demand for small and compact temperature sensors has fueled the adoption of thermistors, as they can be easily integrated into various automotive systems. Moreover, the ability of thermistors to provide accurate readings in a relatively narrow temperature range makes them ideal for critical applications, reinforcing their importance in the vehicle temperature sensor market.

Infrared Sensors :

Infrared sensors are gaining traction in the automotive industry due to their non-contact temperature measurement capabilities. These sensors detect infrared radiation emitted from objects and convert it into temperature readings. Infrared sensors are particularly useful in applications where direct contact with the object is impractical, such as monitoring tire temperatures or assessing the heat of an engine's surface. Advances in infrared sensor technology have enhanced their accuracy and response times, making them suitable for both passenger and commercial vehicles. As safety concerns and performance expectations continue to rise, the demand for infrared sensors in monitoring critical vehicle parameters is expected to increase significantly, thereby amplifying their influence on the vehicle temperature sensor market.

Fiber Optic Sensors :

Fiber optic sensors represent a cutting-edge solution for temperature measurement in automotive applications, utilizing light transmission through optical fibers to detect temperature changes. These sensors offer significant advantages, including immunity to electromagnetic interference, high sensitivity, and the ability to operate in harsh environments. Fiber optic sensors are particularly useful in high-voltage and high-temperature applications, making them ideal for monitoring battery temperatures in electric vehicles and other critical components. The growing trend toward electrification in the automotive industry is expected to propel the adoption of fiber optic sensors, as manufacturers seek reliable solutions for thermal management and safety. With advancements in fiber optic technology, these sensors are becoming more accessible for automotive applications, further enhancing their market potential.

By Resistance Temperature Detectors

Thin Film RTDs :

Thin film RTDs have emerged as a prominent choice in automotive applications due to their compact size and rapid response times. Unlike traditional RTDs, which use thicker wires, thin film RTDs utilize a thin layer of metal deposited on a substrate, allowing for quicker thermal responses. This feature is particularly beneficial in applications requiring fast temperature measurements, such as engine management systems and exhaust gas monitoring. Their high accuracy and reliability under various conditions contribute to their growing presence in the vehicle temperature sensor market. Additionally, the increasing trend of miniaturization in automotive components is driving the demand for thin film RTDs, as manufacturers aim to integrate sophisticated technologies into limited spaces without compromising performance.

Wire-Wound RTDs :

Wire-wound RTDs are constructed using a fine wire coil made of pure metal, typically platinum, and are known for their high accuracy and stability over a wide temperature range. These sensors are widely used in critical automotive applications such as engine coolant temperature monitoring and HVAC systems due to their reliability and long-term stability. Wire-wound RTDs provide excellent accuracy and repeatability, making them an ideal choice for applications where precise temperature control is vital. As the automotive industry increasingly prioritizes safety and efficiency, the demand for wire-wound RTDs is expected to grow, as they offer the accuracy needed for stringent emission regulations and optimal engine performance.

By Application

Engine Coolant Temperature :

The engine coolant temperature sensor plays a crucial role in maintaining optimal engine performance and efficiency. This sensor monitors the temperature of the coolant circulating through the engine and provides critical data to the engine control unit. By accurately measuring coolant temperature, automakers can prevent overheating, which can lead to severe engine damage. Furthermore, the information gathered from these sensors helps optimize fuel injection, ignition timing, and overall engine operation, leading to better fuel efficiency and lower emissions. As the automotive industry continues to evolve, the demand for accurate and reliable engine coolant temperature sensors is expected to rise, driven by the need for improved engine management systems and compliance with emission standards.

HVAC System :

The HVAC system in vehicles relies heavily on temperature sensors to regulate cabin comfort and air quality effectively. Temperature sensors monitor the temperature within the vehicle, enabling the HVAC system to adjust heating and cooling outputs accordingly. The increasing consumer demand for enhanced comfort, especially in premium and luxury vehicles, has led to a growing emphasis on advanced HVAC systems. Additionally, the ongoing advancements in sensor technology, such as the integration of smart sensors and IoT capabilities, are expected to boost the HVAC application segment of the vehicle temperature sensor market. As consumers prioritize comfort and convenience in their vehicles, the demand for sophisticated HVAC temperature sensors is poised for significant growth.

Transmission Fluid :

Transmission fluid temperature sensors are critical components in modern vehicles, ensuring the optimal performance of transmission systems. These sensors monitor the temperature of the transmission fluid, enabling the vehicle’s control systems to adjust shifting patterns and maintain performance. By preventing overheating of the transmission fluid, these sensors contribute to extended transmission life and improved fuel efficiency. As the automotive industry shifts toward more advanced automatic and continuously variable transmissions, the demand for high-quality transmission fluid temperature sensors is expected to rise. Furthermore, as electric and hybrid vehicles continue to grow in popularity, the need for efficient thermal management solutions will further propel this segment of the market.

Oil Temperature :

Oil temperature sensors are essential for monitoring the temperature of engine oil, ensuring proper lubrication and preventing engine wear. These sensors provide critical feedback to the engine control unit, allowing for adjustments in oil pump operation and improving overall engine efficiency. The increasing focus on engine longevity and performance, coupled with the rising adoption of performance-oriented vehicles, is driving the demand for oil temperature sensors. Additionally, advancements in oil sensor technology, such as the incorporation of smart features and connectivity, are enhancing their appeal in the vehicle temperature sensor market. As automakers continue to innovate and strive for higher performance and efficiency, the relevance of oil temperature sensors is expected to grow significantly.

By Distribution Channel

OEM :

The OEM distribution channel is a significant segment in the vehicle temperature sensor market, as original equipment manufacturers integrate these sensors into new vehicles during the manufacturing process. Partnerships between sensor manufacturers and automakers are crucial in this space, as they ensure that the temperature sensors meet the rigorous standards required for vehicle performance and safety. The growing trend of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and smart vehicle technologies is pushing OEMs to invest in high-quality temperature sensors that support enhanced functionality. As the automotive industry transitions towards electric and hybrid vehicles, the demand for OEM temperature sensors is expected to grow, driven by the need for efficient thermal management solutions in these advanced systems.

Aftermarket :

The aftermarket distribution channel presents significant growth potential for vehicle temperature sensors, driven by the increasing vehicle age and the rising demand for maintenance and repair services. As vehicles age, the likelihood of sensor failures increases, leading to a higher demand for replacement parts. Additionally, the growing trend of DIY maintenance among vehicle owners is propelling the aftermarket for temperature sensors, as consumers seek reliable, high-quality components to ensure their vehicles operate at optimal levels. Furthermore, the rise of e-commerce platforms and online automotive parts retailers is making it easier for consumers to access a wide range of temperature sensors in the aftermarket, further contributing to this segment's growth.

By Vehicle Type

Passenger Vehicles :

Passenger vehicles represent the largest segment in the vehicle temperature sensor market, driven by the high demand for personal transportation and the increasing complexity of vehicle systems. The growing consumer preference for vehicles equipped with advanced safety features and improved fuel efficiency has amplified the need for accurate temperature sensors. Additionally, the surge in electric and hybrid vehicle production is driving developments in temperature sensor technologies tailored for battery management and thermal regulation. As automakers continue to innovate and enhance the performance and safety of passenger vehicles, the demand for advanced temperature sensors is expected to rise significantly, reinforcing this segment's dominance in the market.

Commercial Vehicles :

The commercial vehicle segment is experiencing robust growth in the vehicle temperature sensor market, driven by the increasing demand for transportation and logistics services worldwide. Factors such as globalization and e-commerce growth are propelling the need for efficient commercial transportation solutions, which, in turn, requires reliable temperature monitoring systems. Commercial vehicles, including trucks, buses, and vans, necessitate precise temperature management to improve fuel efficiency and ensure optimal performance under various operating conditions. Moreover, the ongoing advancements in sensor technologies, coupled with stringent emissions regulations, are creating opportunities for manufacturers to develop specialized temperature sensors that cater to the unique requirements of commercial vehicles.

By Region

North America is anticipated to hold a significant share of the vehicle temperature sensor market, driven by the presence of established automakers and a strong focus on technological advancements in the automotive sector. The region is expected to account for approximately 30% of the global market share by 2035. The growing adoption of electric vehicles and stringent regulations regarding emissions are driving demand for advanced temperature sensor technologies in North America. Furthermore, the increasing consumer preference for safety features and improved vehicle performance is expected to bolster the market growth in this region, leading to a projected CAGR of around 6.5% during the forecast period.

Europe is another key region in the vehicle temperature sensor market, accounting for approximately 25% of the global market share. The region's automotive industry is characterized by its commitment to innovation and sustainability, with many manufacturers investing heavily in electric and hybrid vehicle technologies. The growing emphasis on reducing carbon emissions and improving fuel efficiency is further driving the demand for vehicle temperature sensors, particularly in engine management and thermal regulation applications. As the automotive landscape continues to evolve, the European vehicle temperature sensor market is expected to witness a steady growth rate of around 5.5% CAGR from 2025 to 2035.

Opportunities

The vehicle temperature sensor market is poised for significant growth opportunities due to several emerging trends. One of the most promising opportunities lies in the increasing demand for electric and hybrid vehicles, which require advanced thermal management solutions to optimize battery performance and overall efficiency. As automakers focus on developing more efficient electric drivetrains, the need for specialized temperature sensors that can operate under high-voltage conditions is becoming paramount. Additionally, the integration of smart technologies and IoT capabilities in vehicles presents an exciting opportunity for manufacturers to develop innovative temperature sensors that can provide real-time data and enhance vehicle performance. The growing trend of vehicle automation and autonomous driving systems is also expected to create opportunities for advanced temperature sensing technologies, as these vehicles will rely heavily on accurate temperature monitoring for safe and efficient operation.

Moreover, the ongoing trend towards sustainability and environmental consciousness among consumers is prompting automakers to adopt technologies that improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions. This shift creates an opportunity for vehicle temperature sensor manufacturers to develop more efficient and sustainable solutions that cater to these demands. Furthermore, the expansion of e-commerce platforms and online automotive parts retailers is also opening new avenues for aftermarket sales, enabling consumers to access a wider range of temperature sensors at competitive prices. As the industry continues to evolve, these opportunities are expected to drive growth and innovation in the vehicle temperature sensor market over the coming years.

Threats

Despite the positive outlook for the vehicle temperature sensor market, several threats could potentially hinder growth. One significant threat is the increasing competition among sensor manufacturers, leading to price wars and margin pressures. As more players enter the market, especially with the rise of low-cost manufacturers, established companies may find it challenging to maintain profitability while delivering high-quality products. Additionally, rapid technological advancements mean that companies must continuously innovate to keep up with market demands, which can lead to increased research and development costs. Moreover, the automotive industry's shift towards electric vehicles brings about new challenges, as manufacturers must adapt temperature sensor technologies to meet the specific requirements of electric drivetrains, battery management, and thermal regulation.

Another threat to the vehicle temperature sensor market is the potential for regulatory changes that could impact manufacturing processes and supply chains. Stricter environmental regulations may necessitate the adoption of new materials or technologies, resulting in increased costs for manufacturers. Furthermore, geopolitical tensions and trade disputes could disrupt supply chains, leading to production delays and increased costs for automotive manufacturers. As the market continues to evolve, stakeholders must remain vigilant and adaptable to navigate these threats effectively and maintain their competitive edge.

Competitor Outlook

• Honeywell International Inc.
• TE Connectivity Ltd.
• Sensata Technologies, Inc.
• Continental AG
• Siemens AG
• Robert Bosch GmbH
• Analog Devices, Inc.
• Omron Corporation
• Microchip Technology Inc.
• Farnell element14
• Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
• Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.
• STMicroelectronics N.V.
• Autoliv Inc.
• Wabco Holdings Inc.

The competitive landscape of the vehicle temperature sensor market is characterized by a mix of established players and new entrants, each striving to differentiate themselves through innovation, quality, and customer service. Leading companies such as Honeywell International Inc. and TE Connectivity Ltd. are at the forefront of technological advancements, continually investing in research and development to create cutting-edge temperature sensor solutions that cater to the evolving needs of the automotive industry. These companies leverage their extensive experience and strong brand recognition to maintain market leadership while expanding their product portfolios to include advanced sensors for electric and hybrid vehicles.

Additionally, companies like Sensata Technologies, Inc. and Continental AG are focusing on strategic partnerships and collaborations to enhance their market presence and product offerings. By collaborating with automakers and technology providers, these companies are able to develop tailored solutions that meet specific automotive requirements, thereby gaining a competitive edge. Furthermore, the rise of IoT and smart technologies is prompting manufacturers to integrate connectivity features into their temperature sensors, allowing for real-time data monitoring and analysis. This trend is fostering innovation and competition in the market as companies strive to offer value-added features that enhance vehicle performance and safety.

Emerging players in the vehicle temperature sensor market are also making their mark, leveraging advancements in manufacturing processes and materials to provide cost-effective solutions. As the global automotive landscape evolves, these new entrants are looking to capitalize on opportunities in the growing electric and hybrid vehicle segments, pushing for innovations that address the unique thermal management needs of these vehicles. The competitive dynamics of the market are expected to intensify further as companies continue to adapt to changing consumer preferences and regulatory requirements, ensuring a vibrant and challenging environment for all market participants.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 Siemens AG
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Autoliv Inc.
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Continental AG
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Farnell element14
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Omron Corporation
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Robert Bosch GmbH
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Wabco Holdings Inc.
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Analog Devices, Inc.
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 TE Connectivity Ltd.
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 STMicroelectronics N.V.
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Microchip Technology Inc.
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Sensata Technologies, Inc.
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Honeywell International Inc.
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Vehicle Temperature Sensor Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Engine Coolant Temperature
    • 6.1.2 HVAC System
    • 6.1.3 Transmission Fluid
    • 6.1.4 Oil Temperature
  • 6.2 Vehicle Temperature Sensor Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Thermocouples
    • 6.2.2 Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs)
    • 6.2.3 Thermistors
    • 6.2.4 Infrared Sensors
    • 6.2.5 Fiber Optic Sensors
  • 6.3 Vehicle Temperature Sensor Market, By Vehicle Type
    • 6.3.1 Passenger Vehicles
    • 6.3.2 Commercial Vehicles

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 Vehicle Temperature Sensor Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Vehicle Temperature Sensor market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Thermocouples
• Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs)
• Thermistors
• Infrared Sensors
• Fiber Optic Sensors

By Application

• Engine Coolant Temperature
• HVAC System
• Transmission Fluid
• Oil Temperature

By Vehicle Type

• Passenger Vehicles
• Commercial Vehicles

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• Honeywell International Inc.
• TE Connectivity Ltd.
• Sensata Technologies, Inc.
• Continental AG
• Siemens AG
• Robert Bosch GmbH
• Analog Devices, Inc.
• Omron Corporation
• Microchip Technology Inc.
• Farnell element14
• Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
• Vishay Intertechnology, Inc.
• STMicroelectronics N.V.
• Autoliv Inc.
• Wabco Holdings Inc.