Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication System

Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication System Market Outlook

The global Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication System market is projected to reach an impressive size of approximately USD 1.2 billion by 2035, growing at a robust compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of around 6.5% from 2025 to 2035. This growth is significantly driven by the increasing demand for efficient lubrication systems across various industries, particularly in the railway and automotive sectors, where reducing friction and wear on wheel flanges is critical for safety and performance. Additionally, advancements in lubrication technologies, as well as stringent regulations aimed at minimizing maintenance costs and enhancing operational efficiency, are propelling market expansion. The growing emphasis on sustainability and environmentally friendly products is also motivating the adoption of innovative spray lubrication systems that reduce the use of harmful chemicals and promote better resource management.

Growth Factor of the Market

The growth of the Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication System market is primarily fueled by the increasing need for maintenance and operational efficiency in various industries, particularly railways and automotive. With the rapid expansion of railway networks across emerging economies and ongoing upgrades in existing infrastructure, there is a heightened demand for efficient lubrication solutions that can enhance the longevity of wheel flanges. Moreover, technological advancements are leading to the development of automated systems that minimize human intervention, thus reducing labor costs and increasing reliability. Additionally, the rising awareness among manufacturers regarding the importance of preventing wear and tear in machinery has also catalyzed the market’s growth. The shift towards preventive maintenance strategies, as opposed to reactive measures, is further encouraging investments in sophisticated lubrication systems that improve performance and ensure safety compliance.

Key Highlights of the Market

• The market is witnessing a significant shift towards automated lubrication systems, driven by enhanced efficiency and reduced manual labor.
• Continuous spray systems are becoming increasingly popular for their ability to provide consistent lubrication without downtime.
• North America is projected to hold the largest market share, attributed to advanced infrastructure and strict regulatory frameworks.
• The automotive industry represents a major application segment, driven by the need for reliable lubrication solutions for vehicle longevity.
• Growing awareness regarding the benefits of synthetic lubricants is expected to spur demand in various industrial applications.

By Product Type

Automatic Spray Systems:

Automatic spray systems dominate the Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication System market due to their ability to deliver precise lubrication without the need for manual operation. These systems are equipped with sensors and timers that ensure consistent application, reducing the risk of under or over-lubrication. The automation of lubrication processes helps in significantly lowering maintenance costs and improving operational efficiency. Furthermore, automatic spray systems are increasingly being integrated with IoT technologies, allowing for real-time monitoring and adjustments, enhancing their reliability and effectiveness across various applications.

Manual Spray Systems:

Despite the rise of automation, manual spray systems continue to find relevance in specific applications where cost considerations and simplicity are paramount. These systems require operator intervention for the application of lubricants, which can be beneficial in settings where precision and control are needed. Manual spray systems can be easily deployed and maintained, making them a preferred choice for smaller operations or facilities with limited budgets. They also allow operators to have direct oversight of the lubrication process, ensuring that the application meets specific requirements for different machinery.

Continuous Spray Systems:

Continuous spray systems are engineered to provide a steady flow of lubricant, ensuring that wheel flanges receive consistent coverage. This type of system is particularly beneficial in high-demand environments, where machinery is under constant stress, and the need for lubrication is critical to prevent wear and tear. These systems help in maintaining optimal performance levels by avoiding lubricant starvation, which can lead to mechanical failures. As industries increasingly focus on maximizing uptime, the demand for continuous spray systems is expected to rise, particularly in railways and heavy machinery applications.

Intermittent Spray Systems:

Intermittent spray systems are designed to operate in cycles, providing lubrication at specified intervals. This approach is beneficial in scenarios where excessive lubrication may lead to waste or contamination of components. Intermittent systems are flexible and can be tailored to meet the specific needs of different applications, making them suitable for varied industrial environments. Their ability to conserve lubricant while still effectively maintaining machinery functionality makes them an attractive option for businesses looking to reduce operational costs and improve efficiency.

Precision Spray Systems:

Precision spray systems are gaining traction due to their ability to deliver lubricants exactly where needed, minimizing waste and ensuring optimal performance. These systems are often used in high-precision environments where the slightest deviation in lubrication can lead to significant issues. By utilizing advanced nozzles and targeted application techniques, precision spray systems enhance the effectiveness of lubrication processes. The growing demand for precision in manufacturing and maintenance applications is expected to drive the market for precision spray systems, particularly in industries that rely on high-performance machinery.

By Application

Railway Industry:

The railway industry is a key application segment for Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication Systems due to the critical need for maintaining wheel flanges in locomotives and rolling stock. Effective lubrication is essential to minimize friction, reduce wear, and ensure safety on the tracks. As global railway networks expand and modernize, the demand for reliable lubrication systems is expected to increase significantly. Moreover, stringent regulations regarding safety and maintenance in the railway sector are propelling the adoption of advanced lubrication solutions that can enhance operational efficiency and longevity of railway assets.

Automotive Industry:

The automotive industry represents a substantial portion of the Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication System market. With an ever-increasing number of vehicles on the road, the need for effective lubrication solutions to protect components from wear and tear is paramount. Lubrication systems play a critical role in ensuring the smooth operation of braking systems and wheel assemblies. As automotive manufacturers focus on improving vehicle longevity and performance, the adoption of advanced lubrication systems is likely to gain traction, further driving market growth in this sector.

Industrial Machinery:

In the industrial machinery sector, the need for reliable lubrication systems is crucial to maintaining machinery efficiency and preventing costly downtime. Spray wheel flange lubrication systems provide an effective solution to ensure that moving parts receive adequate lubrication, reducing friction and wear. Industries such as manufacturing and construction, where heavy machinery operates under extreme conditions, are increasingly adopting these systems to optimize performance and enhance the lifespan of their equipment. The emphasis on preventive maintenance strategies is also expected to boost demand within this application segment.

Marine Industry:

The marine industry is another significant application area for spray lubrication systems, as the harsh operating environments on ships and offshore platforms demand robust lubrication solutions. The requirement for efficient lubrication in this industry is amplified by the exposure to saltwater and other corrosive elements, which can accelerate wear on machinery. Spray lubrication systems help maintain the integrity of critical components, ensuring operational reliability and safety in maritime operations. As shipping and marine trade continue to grow, the demand for effective lubrication systems is poised to rise correspondingly.

Aerospace Industry:

The aerospace industry, known for its stringent safety and performance standards, increasingly relies on advanced lubrication systems to ensure that crucial components operate smoothly. Spray wheel flange lubrication systems are vital in maintaining the performance of various aircraft parts, and their efficiency directly impacts safety and operational effectiveness. The growing demand for advanced aircraft and aerospace components is expected to drive the adoption of reliable lubrication solutions in this sector. Furthermore, continuous innovations and advancements in aerospace technology are likely to create new opportunities for the spray lubrication systems market.

By Distribution Channel

Direct Sales:

Direct sales channels are a primary means through which manufacturers of spray wheel flange lubrication systems distribute their products to end-users. This method allows for personalized service and the opportunity for manufacturers to provide direct support and training to customers. Engaging directly with clients helps manufacturers understand their specific needs and customize solutions accordingly. Additionally, direct sales foster stronger relationships between the manufacturer and customer, ensuring that any issues can be addressed promptly, and service quality can be maintained.

Distributors:

Distributors play a crucial role in the Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication System market by providing access to a broader customer base. They often have established relationships with various industries and can effectively promote and sell lubrication systems. Distributors also provide valuable local support and expertise, helping customers with product selection and system integration. Their ability to stock a range of products and offer competitive pricing enhances their appeal, making them a vital link between manufacturers and end-users.

Online Retailers:

The rise of e-commerce has significantly influenced the distribution of Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication Systems. Online retailers offer convenience and accessibility, allowing customers to explore different products, compare prices, and read reviews from the comfort of their homes or offices. This distribution channel has expanded market reach, especially for small to medium-sized enterprises that may not have access to traditional sales channels. As consumers increasingly turn to online platforms for purchasing industrial equipment, the importance of online retailers in the lubrication system market continues to grow.

Wholesalers:

Wholesalers serve as intermediaries in the Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication System market, purchasing products in bulk from manufacturers and selling them to various retail outlets or industrial customers. This channel is particularly advantageous for manufacturers looking to scale their operations without investing heavily in retail infrastructure. Wholesalers often have the logistics capabilities to manage large inventories and can provide competitive pricing strategies to end-users. Their role in the supply chain is crucial for maintaining product availability and ensuring timely delivery to customers.

Retail Stores:

Traditional retail stores remain a viable distribution channel for Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication Systems, particularly in regions where local access to products is vital. These stores offer customers the opportunity to see and handle products before making a purchase, which can be essential for large machinery components. Retail outlets also provide the added advantage of immediate availability, allowing customers to purchase lubrication systems on demand. The presence of knowledgeable staff in retail stores can also guide customers toward the right solutions, enhancing the overall buying experience.

By Ingredient Type

Grease Lubricants:

Grease lubricants are widely used in spray wheel flange lubrication systems due to their effective performance in reducing friction and wear. Grease is typically preferred in applications where components are exposed to high loads and slow speeds, as it adheres well to surfaces and provides lasting protection. The formulation of grease lubricants often includes additives that enhance performance characteristics, such as temperature resistance and anti-wear properties. As industries increasingly focus on maintaining equipment longevity, the demand for grease lubricants in lubrication systems is expected to grow.

Oil Lubricants:

Oil lubricants are an essential component in spray lubrication systems, offering fluidity that makes them suitable for high-speed applications. Their primary advantage lies in their ability to penetrate tight spaces, ensuring adequate lubrication of moving parts. Oil lubricants can be tailored for various industrial applications, with synthetic options providing enhanced performance in extreme conditions. As more industries adopt oil-based lubrication systems to meet operational demands, the market for oil lubricants is poised for growth, particularly in sectors like automotive and industrial machinery.

Dry Lubricants:

Dry lubricants are gaining popularity in specific applications due to their unique properties that reduce friction without the need for traditional liquid lubricants. These lubricants are designed to maintain performance under extreme temperatures and environmental conditions. They are particularly beneficial in applications where liquid lubricants may evaporate or become ineffective. The use of dry lubricants in spray wheel flange lubrication systems can help reduce residue and contamination while providing reliable lubrication performance, driving their increasing adoption across various industries.

Solid Lubricants:

Solid lubricants serve as an alternative to traditional liquid lubricants, offering unique advantages in certain operating conditions. These lubricants can withstand high temperatures and pressures, making them suitable for heavy-duty applications. Solid lubricants are often used in environments where liquid lubricants are impractical or pose contamination risks. The growing demand for efficient lubrication solutions that can operate under extreme conditions is expected to boost the market for solid lubricants in spray lubrication systems, particularly in industries like aerospace and heavy machinery.

Synthetic Lubricants:

Synthetic lubricants are increasingly being favored in spray wheel flange lubrication systems due to their superior performance characteristics. These lubricants are engineered to provide enhanced protection against wear and oxidation, and they can operate effectively across a wider temperature range compared to conventional lubricants. The growing emphasis on sustainability and reduced environmental impact drives the demand for synthetic lubricants, as they often have a lower ecological footprint. As more industries prioritize performance and sustainability, the adoption of synthetic lubricants is poised to increase significantly in the coming years.

By Region

North America holds a commanding position in the Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication System market, accounting for approximately 35% of the global market share in 2025. The region’s robust infrastructure, established manufacturing base, and stringent regulatory frameworks drive the demand for efficient lubrication systems. The automotive and railway sectors in North America are particularly active in adopting advanced lubrication technologies, ensuring machinery performance and safety compliance. Furthermore, the emphasis on preventive maintenance and operational efficiency continues to propel market growth in this region, with a projected CAGR of 6.2% through 2035.

Europe is another significant market for Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication Systems, contributing around 30% to the global market share. The region's industrial landscape, characterized by a strong manufacturing sector and an expanding railway network, creates a favorable environment for lubrication solutions. Countries such as Germany and the United Kingdom are at the forefront of adopting advanced lubrication technologies to enhance the performance and longevity of their machinery. As the European Union implements increasingly strict regulations regarding machinery maintenance and safety, the need for effective lubrication solutions is expected to rise, further stimulating market growth in this region.

Opportunities

The Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication System market presents significant opportunities for innovation and growth, particularly as industries continue to prioritize efficiency and sustainability. One major opportunity lies in the integration of smart technologies, such as IoT and AI, into lubrication systems. These technologies enable real-time monitoring and data collection, allowing for predictive maintenance and optimized lubrication schedules based on actual operating conditions. By leveraging these advancements, manufacturers can develop solutions that not only enhance performance but also reduce downtime and operational costs, creating significant value for end-users across various sectors.

Another promising opportunity in the market is the growing focus on environmentally friendly lubrication solutions. As businesses and industries strive to reduce their environmental footprint, there is a rising demand for lubricants that are biodegradable and non-toxic. Manufacturers who innovate by developing eco-friendly lubrication systems can tap into this expanding market segment. Additionally, the trend towards sustainability is often accompanied by regulatory pressures, as governments worldwide implement stricter environmental standards. Thus, companies that proactively adapt their products to meet these regulations while emphasizing sustainability can position themselves as leaders in the Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication System market.

Threats

Despite the numerous opportunities, the Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication System market faces several threats that could impact its growth trajectory. One significant threat is the volatility of raw material prices, which can affect the cost of manufacturing lubrication systems. Fluctuations in the prices of crude oil and other essential components can lead to increased production costs, which may ultimately be passed on to consumers. This situation can create challenges in maintaining competitive pricing in the market, potentially reducing demand from cost-sensitive customers. Moreover, the emergence of alternative lubrication technologies may pose a risk to traditional lubrication systems, as industries seek more advanced, efficient, and cost-effective solutions.

Another potential threat to the market is the increasing competition from local and international players. As the demand for spray lubrication systems grows, more companies are entering the market, leading to heightened competition and pricing pressures. This influx of new entrants can make it challenging for established players to maintain their market share and profitability. To navigate this competitive landscape, companies must continually innovate and differentiate their products to meet evolving customer needs. Failure to adapt to changing market dynamics and customer preferences could result in lost opportunities and diminished market presence.

Competitor Outlook

• SKF Group
• Lincoln Industrial Corporation
• Graco Inc.
• Perma-Tec GmbH & Co. KG
• Oil-Rite Corporation
• Bijur Delimon International
• Vogtlin Instruments GmbH
• Fuchs Petrolub SE
• Kluber Lubrication
• Rocol Limited
• Cassida Products Limited
• Exxon Mobil Corporation
• Petro-Canada Lubricants Inc.
• Chemetall GmbH
• Shell Global Solutions International B.V.

The competitive landscape of the Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication System market is characterized by a mix of established players and emerging companies, all striving to innovate and capture market share. Leading manufacturers such as SKF Group and Lincoln Industrial Corporation have established themselves as pioneers in lubrication technologies, focusing on research and development to enhance their offerings. These companies invest significantly in technology advancements, enabling them to provide state-of-the-art products that cater to various industrial applications. Their extensive distribution networks and strong brand recognition contribute to their competitive advantage, allowing them to maintain a leading position in the market.

Another notable competitor in this space is Graco Inc., known for its reliable lubrication systems that cater to a broad range of applications. Graco’s commitment to quality and innovation has helped it secure a strong foothold in the industry. Additionally, Perma-Tec GmbH & Co. KG specializes in automatic lubrication systems, emphasizing user-friendly designs that enhance operational efficiency. These companies prioritize customer satisfaction and continuously strive to meet the evolving demands of their clients, thereby solidifying their market presence.

Emerging players in the Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication System market are also making significant strides, particularly by focusing on niche segments and eco-friendly solutions. Companies like Cassida Products Limited and Chemetall GmbH are developing lubricants that not only perform exceptionally but are also environmentally benign, aligning with the growing emphasis on sustainability in various industries. This trend is reshaping the competitive dynamics of the market, as both established players and new entrants vie for market share by promoting innovative and sustainable products that resonate with environmentally conscious consumers.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 SKF Group
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 Graco Inc.
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Rocol Limited
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Chemetall GmbH
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Fuchs Petrolub SE
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Kluber Lubrication
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Oil-Rite Corporation
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 Exxon Mobil Corporation
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 Perma-Tec GmbH & Co. KG
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 Cassida Products Limited
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Vogtlin Instruments GmbH
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Bijur Delimon International
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Petro-Canada Lubricants Inc.
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Lincoln Industrial Corporation
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 Shell Global Solutions International B.V.
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication System Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Railway Industry
    • 6.1.2 Automotive Industry
    • 6.1.3 Industrial Machinery
    • 6.1.4 Marine Industry
    • 6.1.5 Aerospace Industry
  • 6.2 Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication System Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Automatic Spray Systems
    • 6.2.2 Manual Spray Systems
    • 6.2.3 Continuous Spray Systems
    • 6.2.4 Intermittent Spray Systems
    • 6.2.5 Precision Spray Systems
  • 6.3 Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication System Market, By Ingredient Type
    • 6.3.1 Grease Lubricants
    • 6.3.2 Oil Lubricants
    • 6.3.3 Dry Lubricants
    • 6.3.4 Solid Lubricants
    • 6.3.5 Synthetic Lubricants
  • 6.4 Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication System Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.4.1 Direct Sales
    • 6.4.2 Distributors
    • 6.4.3 Online Retailers
    • 6.4.4 Wholesalers
    • 6.4.5 Retail Stores

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication System Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Spray Wheel Flange Lubrication System market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Automatic Spray Systems
• Manual Spray Systems
• Continuous Spray Systems
• Intermittent Spray Systems
• Precision Spray Systems

By Application

• Railway Industry
• Automotive Industry
• Industrial Machinery
• Marine Industry
• Aerospace Industry

By Distribution Channel

• Direct Sales
• Distributors
• Online Retailers
• Wholesalers
• Retail Stores

By Ingredient Type

• Grease Lubricants
• Oil Lubricants
• Dry Lubricants
• Solid Lubricants
• Synthetic Lubricants

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• SKF Group
• Lincoln Industrial Corporation
• Graco Inc.
• Perma-Tec GmbH & Co. KG
• Oil-Rite Corporation
• Bijur Delimon International
• Vogtlin Instruments GmbH
• Fuchs Petrolub SE
• Kluber Lubrication
• Rocol Limited
• Cassida Products Limited
• Exxon Mobil Corporation
• Petro-Canada Lubricants Inc.
• Chemetall GmbH
• Shell Global Solutions International B.V.