Liver Diseases Therapeutics

Liver Diseases Therapeutics Market Outlook

The global liver diseases therapeutics market is anticipated to reach approximately USD 27.5 billion by 2035, growing at a CAGR of around 5.2% during the forecast period from 2025 to 2035. The rising prevalence of liver diseases, driven by factors such as the increasing rates of viral hepatitis infections, alcohol consumption, and obesity, is a significant growth factor contributing to the expansion of this market. Additionally, advancements in therapeutic technology and increased research and development efforts aimed at creating innovative treatment solutions will further enhance market growth. The growing awareness regarding liver health and the importance of early diagnosis and treatment are also expected to bolster market demand. Moreover, the ongoing initiatives by public health organizations to educate populations about liver disease risk factors and prevention strategies are critical to market expansion.

Growth Factor of the Market

One of the foremost growth factors of the liver diseases therapeutics market is the increasing incidence of liver-related ailments across the globe. As lifestyle changes lead to higher obesity rates, and consequently, the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), healthcare systems are compelled to enhance their focus on liver health. Additionally, the rising global population is resulting in an uptick in chronic diseases, including hepatitis infections and liver cancer, which necessitate effective therapeutic solutions. Another key driver is the growing investment in research and development by pharmaceutical companies, aiming to discover novel drugs that can effectively target liver diseases. Furthermore, rising disposable incomes in developing regions are enabling more patients to access advanced treatment options. The shift towards personalized medicine, which tailors treatments based on genetic and patient-specific factors, is also expected to fuel substantial growth in this market.

Key Highlights of the Market

• Significant increase in the prevalence of liver diseases globally.
• Growing demand for innovative therapeutic solutions and drug formulations.
• Enhanced focus on early diagnosis and preventive measures by healthcare providers.
• Increase in research funding and R&D activities targeting liver therapeutics.
• Adoption of personalized medicine approaches for more effective treatments.

By Product Type

Antiviral Drugs:

Antiviral drugs are crucial components in the treatment of viral liver infections, especially hepatitis B and C. These drugs work by inhibiting the replication of the virus, thereby reducing the viral load and preventing further liver damage. The growing incidence of hepatitis infections globally is driving the demand for antiviral therapies. With innovative medications such as direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), patients can now achieve sustained virologic response (SVR), significantly improving their long-term health outcomes. The ongoing development of new antiviral agents, including those with enhanced efficacy and fewer side effects, is further expected to contribute to the segment's growth.

Immunomodulators:

Immunomodulators are a critical class of therapeutics utilized in the management of autoimmune liver diseases such as autoimmune hepatitis. These medications work by modifying the immune response, leading to reduced liver inflammation and damage. The increasing recognition of autoimmune conditions as significant contributors to liver pathology is propelling the demand for immunomodulating therapies. Furthermore, advancements in understanding the mechanisms of these diseases are paving the way for the development of targeted immunotherapies, which offer a promising approach to improving patient outcomes.

Corticosteroids:

Corticosteroids are used primarily to manage inflammatory liver diseases, including hepatitis and cirrhosis. Their anti-inflammatory properties make them effective in treating flare-ups of liver inflammation and reducing associated symptoms. As the prevalence of inflammatory liver disorders continues to rise, so does the adoption of corticosteroid treatments. Additionally, ongoing research into combination therapies, which pair corticosteroids with other agents for enhanced efficacy, is likely to support segment growth in the coming years.

Chelating Agents:

Chelating agents play an essential role in treating liver diseases associated with heavy metal toxicity, such as Wilson's disease, where copper accumulates in the body. These agents bind to heavy metals, facilitating their excretion from the body and preventing further liver damage. The increasing awareness of the impact of environmental toxins on liver health and the growing number of diagnosed cases of Wilson's disease are propelling the use of chelating agents in treatment protocols. The industry's focus on developing more effective and safer chelating compounds further strengthens this segment of the market.

Vaccines:

Vaccines, particularly those targeting hepatitis A and B viruses, are vital for preventing liver diseases. The global push for vaccination programs, especially in regions with high prevalence rates of hepatitis, is fostering growth in this segment. Vaccination not only reduces the incidence of these diseases but also alleviates the future burden on healthcare systems by preventing potential complications such as liver cirrhosis and cancer. Continuous efforts by governments and health organizations to promote vaccination and raise awareness about liver disease prevention are integral to expanding the market for liver disease vaccines.

By Application

Hepatitis:

Hepatitis remains one of the most common liver diseases, prompting a significant demand for therapeutics targeting this viral infection. As awareness of hepatitis infections rises, the need for effective antiviral treatments is becoming increasingly critical. The market for hepatitis therapeutics is driven by the high global prevalence of hepatitis B and C, along with the introduction of advanced treatment options, including DAAs. The successful implementation of screening programs and vaccination initiatives is also fostering early diagnosis and treatment, which will continue to propel market growth.

Liver Cancer:

Liver cancer, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), poses significant health challenges globally, marking it as a critical application area for liver disease therapeutics. The increasing incidence of liver cancer, primarily linked to chronic hepatitis infections and alcohol abuse, underscores the urgent need for innovative treatment solutions. The market is witnessing advancements in targeted therapies and immuno-oncology approaches, which are enhancing survival rates among patients diagnosed with liver cancer. The ongoing research into novel treatment combinations that address the complexities of HCC is expected to further drive growth in this segment.

Cirrhosis:

Cirrhosis of the liver, characterized by irreversible damage and scarring, presents a complex array of management challenges, necessitating effective therapeutics. The increasing incidence of cirrhosis, primarily due to chronic viral hepatitis and alcohol-related liver disease, fuels demand for therapeutic options that can manage symptoms and improve quality of life. Current treatment options primarily focus on addressing underlying causes, preventing complications, and improving liver function. As research progresses towards innovative therapies aimed at reversing cirrhosis or enhancing liver regeneration, the market is poised for growth.

Alcoholic Liver Disease:

The rise in alcohol consumption has led to increased cases of alcoholic liver disease (ALD), making it a significant area of concern within liver disease therapeutics. Effective management of ALD requires a combination of lifestyle modification, pharmacotherapy, and supportive care. The market is responding to the urgent need for therapies that can mitigate alcohol's damaging effects on the liver, including anti-inflammatory medications and agents that promote liver regeneration. Educational initiatives aimed at reducing alcohol consumption further support the need for effective therapeutic measures to manage ALD.

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease:

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming increasingly prevalent, particularly in developed countries, due to rising obesity rates and sedentary lifestyles. This condition, which can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), is driving demand for innovative therapeutic approaches aimed at managing liver fat accumulation and preventing progression to cirrhosis or liver cancer. The focus is shifting towards lifestyle interventions and pharmacological treatments that target metabolic dysfunction, leading to a burgeoning market for NAFLD therapeutics as awareness of this condition grows.

By Distribution Channel

Hospital Pharmacies:

Hospital pharmacies serve as a significant distribution channel for liver disease therapeutics, particularly for hospitalized patients requiring complex treatment regimens. These pharmacies are equipped to provide specialized care and medications for patients with severe liver conditions. The increasing hospitalization rates due to complications related to liver diseases are driving the demand for this channel. Furthermore, the ability of hospital pharmacies to offer patient counseling and monitoring ensures optimal therapeutic outcomes, enhancing their role in the overall therapeutic landscape.

Retail Pharmacies:

Retail pharmacies play a crucial role in the distribution of liver disease therapeutics to the general public. They provide accessibility to essential medications, including antiviral drugs and supportive therapies for liver conditions. The rising consumer awareness regarding liver health and the importance of medication adherence are contributing to the growth of retail pharmacies as a distribution channel. Additionally, the establishment of pharmacy-led health programs aiming to educate patients on liver disease management further supports this channel's expansion.

Online Pharmacies:

The growth of online pharmacies has revolutionized the distribution of liver disease therapeutics, offering convenience and accessibility to patients seeking medications from the comfort of their homes. As e-commerce continues to rise, patients are increasingly turning to online platforms for their medication needs, particularly for chronic liver disease management. The ability to access a wide range of products, often at competitive prices, enhances patient compliance and ensures regular access to necessary therapies. Regulatory advancements surrounding online pharmacy practices are also contributing to the credibility and growth of this distribution channel.

Drug Stores:

Drug stores are traditional outlets that continue to play a vital role in the distribution of liver disease therapeutics. They offer a wide variety of medications, both prescription and over-the-counter, catering to patients seeking unmanaged liver conditions. The convenience of local drug stores, coupled with knowledgeable staff who can provide guidance, makes them an essential resource for patients. The growth of initiatives aimed at promoting liver health and disease awareness further enhances the role of drug stores as a key distribution channel in the market.

Clinics:

Clinics, particularly specialized liver disease clinics, contribute significantly to the distribution of therapeutics through direct patient care. These facilities offer tailored care and access to a range of liver disease treatments, often incorporating multidisciplinary teams to enhance patient management. The rise in outpatient care and the growing emphasis on preventive medicine significantly boost the importance of clinics in liver disease therapeutics. Furthermore, clinics often serve as educational platforms, helping to raise awareness regarding liver health and treatment options among patients.

By Ingredient Type

Ursodeoxycholic Acid:

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a key ingredient used in liver disease therapeutics, particularly in the treatment of cholestatic liver diseases such as primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). This compound has demonstrated efficacy in improving liver function and reducing the progression of liver damage. The increasing diagnosis rates of cholestatic liver diseases are propelling the demand for UDCA-based therapies. Additionally, ongoing studies are exploring the potential benefits of UDCA in other liver conditions, supporting its position in the market.

Interferons:

Interferons are critical in the treatment of viral hepatitis, particularly hepatitis B and C. These proteins promote an antiviral response, enhancing the body's immune system's ability to combat infections. The introduction of pegylated interferon formulations has significantly improved treatment outcomes by reducing dosing frequency and prolonging therapeutic effects. The rising incidence of viral hepatitis is driving the demand for interferon-based therapies, particularly in regions where hepatitis infections are endemic. Ongoing research into the combination of interferons with other antiviral agents is further expected to strengthen their market presence.

Ribavirin:

Ribavirin is an antiviral medication commonly used in conjunction with other agents to treat hepatitis C. It works by inhibiting viral replication and is often combined with direct-acting antivirals for enhanced efficacy. The increasing prevalence of hepatitis C infections and the ongoing shift towards combination therapies are driving the demand for ribavirin in the therapeutic landscape. Research into the optimal dosing strategies and patient selection for ribavirin-based treatments continues to support its relevance in liver disease management.

Corticosteroids:

Corticosteroids are employed in the treatment of various liver conditions due to their anti-inflammatory properties. They are particularly useful in managing autoimmune liver diseases and acute inflammatory liver disorders. As the understanding of liver inflammation and its consequences grows, corticosteroids remain a mainstay in therapeutic protocols. The focus on managing side effects and improving patient quality of life by optimizing corticosteroid regimens contributes to the ongoing demand for these medications in the liver disease therapeutics market.

N-Acetylcysteine:

N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is a mucolytic agent known for its role in treating acetaminophen overdose and its antioxidant properties, which are beneficial in liver disease management. NAC has gained attention for its potential to protect against liver damage caused by oxidative stress. The increasing recognition of the importance of antioxidants in maintaining liver health is driving the demand for NAC in therapeutic applications. Continued research into its efficacy for various liver disorders will likely elevate NAC's profile in the market.

By Region

The North American liver diseases therapeutics market is poised to dominate, with projected revenues of around USD 11 billion by 2035, driven by a high prevalence of liver diseases, advanced healthcare infrastructure, and increased research and development activities. The region's focus on innovative treatment solutions and significant investments in the healthcare sector are critical factors contributing to market growth. Additionally, the rising awareness of liver health and initiatives aimed at enhancing screening and treatment programs are expected to further propel the North American market.

In Europe, the liver diseases therapeutics market is expected to grow at a CAGR of approximately 4.5% during the forecast period, reaching USD 8 billion by 2035. The increasing burden of liver diseases, particularly due to alcohol consumption and hepatitis infections, is fostering demand for effective therapeutic solutions. Initiatives by the European Union to promote liver disease awareness and preventive healthcare measures are further expected to stimulate market growth. Additionally, the collaboration between public and private sectors to enhance research and development in liver disease therapeutics plays a vital role in the European market landscape.

Opportunities

The liver diseases therapeutics market presents numerous opportunities for growth, particularly in the realm of research and development. As the understanding of liver pathophysiology evolves, there is a growing need for innovative therapies that can address unmet medical needs. Companies focusing on developing targeted therapies, combination treatments, and personalized medicine approaches are well-positioned to capitalize on this demand. Moreover, the rise of biologics and gene therapies holds significant potential for revolutionizing treatment paradigms, providing opportunities for companies to differentiate their offerings and improve patient outcomes.

Additionally, expanding markets in emerging economies provide a fertile ground for growth in liver disease therapeutics. As healthcare infrastructure improves and access to healthcare services increases in regions such as Asia Pacific and Latin America, the demand for effective therapeutic options is expected to rise. Collaborations between pharmaceutical companies and local healthcare providers can facilitate market penetration in these regions. Furthermore, educational initiatives aimed at increasing awareness of liver diseases and encouraging preventative measures can stimulate demand for therapeutics, creating a win-win scenario for both healthcare providers and patients.

Threats

Despite the growth prospects in the liver diseases therapeutics market, several threats could hinder its expansion. One of the primary concerns is the regulatory landscape, which can be complex and time-consuming. Navigating the approval processes for new therapies can present challenges, particularly for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with limited resources. Additionally, the potential for stringent regulations regarding drug pricing and reimbursement policies in different regions may impact market dynamics and profitability. This evolving landscape requires companies to remain agile and adaptable to mitigate regulatory challenges and capitalize on emerging opportunities.

Another significant threat to the market is the increasing prevalence of counterfeit medications, particularly in emerging markets where regulatory oversight may be less stringent. The existence of counterfeit drugs not only poses a risk to patient safety but can also undermine trust in legitimate therapeutic options. Companies must invest in robust supply chain management and anti-counterfeiting measures to safeguard their products and maintain consumer confidence. Furthermore, addressing the growing concern of antibiotic resistance and the need for alternative therapeutic approaches is essential for ensuring the long-term sustainability of the market.

Competitor Outlook

• AbbVie Inc.
• Gilead Sciences, Inc.
• GlaxoSmithKline plc
• Merck & Co., Inc.
• Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
• Novartis AG
• Roche Holding AG
• Amgen Inc.
• Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
• Hoffmann-La Roche AG
• Celgene Corporation
• Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
• Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
• Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated
• Zymeworks Inc.

The competitive landscape of the liver diseases therapeutics market is characterized by a mix of large multinational corporations and innovative biotechnology companies. Major players such as AbbVie, Gilead Sciences, and Merck & Co. continue to dominate the market with their robust portfolios of antiviral medications and advanced treatment options for liver diseases. These companies invest significantly in research and development to enhance their therapeutic offerings and maintain a competitive edge. Collaborations with research institutions, universities, and healthcare professionals play a critical role in advancing clinical research and expanding treatment options for patients suffering from liver diseases.

Additionally, the emergence of smaller biotechnology firms specializing in niche areas of liver disease therapeutics has intensified competition in the market. Companies like Intercept Pharmaceuticals and Alnylam Pharmaceuticals focus on developing innovative therapies targeting specific liver conditions, such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and genetic liver disorders. These firms leverage cutting-edge technologies and scientific advancements to create novel drug candidates that address unmet medical needs. As these companies progress through clinical trials and seek regulatory approvals, they contribute to the dynamic nature of the competitive landscape.

Furthermore, strategic mergers and acquisitions are becoming increasingly common in the liver diseases therapeutics market as larger companies seek to expand their portfolios and enhance their market positioning. For instance, Gilead Sciences has made strategic acquisitions in recent years to bolster its antiviral drug offerings, particularly in the hepatitis C space. Such activities reflect the competitive pressures in the market, where innovation, product differentiation, and strategic collaborations are essential for success. The overall competitive landscape is expected to evolve rapidly as new players enter the market and established companies adapt to changing dynamics.

• 1 Appendix

  • 1.1 List of Tables
  • 1.2 List of Figures

• 2 Introduction

  • 2.1 Market Definition
  • 2.2 Scope of the Report
  • 2.3 Study Assumptions
  • 2.4 Base Currency & Forecast Periods

• 3 Market Dynamics

  • 3.1 Market Growth Factors
  • 3.2 Economic & Global Events
  • 3.3 Innovation Trends
  • 3.4 Supply Chain Analysis

• 4 Consumer Behavior

  • 4.1 Market Trends
  • 4.2 Pricing Analysis
  • 4.3 Buyer Insights

• 5 Key Player Profiles

  • 5.1 Amgen Inc.
    • 5.1.1 Business Overview
    • 5.1.2 Products & Services
    • 5.1.3 Financials
    • 5.1.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.1.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.2 AbbVie Inc.
    • 5.2.1 Business Overview
    • 5.2.2 Products & Services
    • 5.2.3 Financials
    • 5.2.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.2.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.3 Novartis AG
    • 5.3.1 Business Overview
    • 5.3.2 Products & Services
    • 5.3.3 Financials
    • 5.3.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.3.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.4 Zymeworks Inc.
    • 5.4.1 Business Overview
    • 5.4.2 Products & Services
    • 5.4.3 Financials
    • 5.4.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.4.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.5 Roche Holding AG
    • 5.5.1 Business Overview
    • 5.5.2 Products & Services
    • 5.5.3 Financials
    • 5.5.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.5.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.6 Merck & Co., Inc.
    • 5.6.1 Business Overview
    • 5.6.2 Products & Services
    • 5.6.3 Financials
    • 5.6.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.6.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.7 Celgene Corporation
    • 5.7.1 Business Overview
    • 5.7.2 Products & Services
    • 5.7.3 Financials
    • 5.7.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.7.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.8 GlaxoSmithKline plc
    • 5.8.1 Business Overview
    • 5.8.2 Products & Services
    • 5.8.3 Financials
    • 5.8.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.8.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.9 Hoffmann-La Roche AG
    • 5.9.1 Business Overview
    • 5.9.2 Products & Services
    • 5.9.3 Financials
    • 5.9.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.9.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.10 Gilead Sciences, Inc.
    • 5.10.1 Business Overview
    • 5.10.2 Products & Services
    • 5.10.3 Financials
    • 5.10.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.10.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.11 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
    • 5.11.1 Business Overview
    • 5.11.2 Products & Services
    • 5.11.3 Financials
    • 5.11.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.12 Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
    • 5.12.1 Business Overview
    • 5.12.2 Products & Services
    • 5.12.3 Financials
    • 5.12.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.13 Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
    • 5.13.1 Business Overview
    • 5.13.2 Products & Services
    • 5.13.3 Financials
    • 5.13.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.14 Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
    • 5.14.1 Business Overview
    • 5.14.2 Products & Services
    • 5.14.3 Financials
    • 5.14.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis
  • 5.15 Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated
    • 5.15.1 Business Overview
    • 5.15.2 Products & Services
    • 5.15.3 Financials
    • 5.15.4 Recent Developments
    • 5.15.5 SWOT Analysis

• 6 Market Segmentation

  • 6.1 Liver Diseases Therapeutics Market, By Application
    • 6.1.1 Hepatitis
    • 6.1.2 Liver Cancer
    • 6.1.3 Cirrhosis
    • 6.1.4 Alcoholic Liver Disease
    • 6.1.5 Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
  • 6.2 Liver Diseases Therapeutics Market, By Product Type
    • 6.2.1 Antiviral Drugs
    • 6.2.2 Immunomodulators
    • 6.2.3 Corticosteroids
    • 6.2.4 Chelating Agents
    • 6.2.5 Vaccines
  • 6.3 Liver Diseases Therapeutics Market, By Ingredient Type
    • 6.3.1 Ursodeoxycholic Acid
    • 6.3.2 Interferons
    • 6.3.3 Ribavirin
    • 6.3.4 Corticosteroids
    • 6.3.5 N-Acetylcysteine
  • 6.4 Liver Diseases Therapeutics Market, By Distribution Channel
    • 6.4.1 Hospital Pharmacies
    • 6.4.2 Retail Pharmacies
    • 6.4.3 Online Pharmacies
    • 6.4.4 Drug Stores
    • 6.4.5 Clinics

• 7 Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1 Key Player Comparison
  • 7.2 Market Share Analysis
  • 7.3 Investment Trends
  • 7.4 SWOT Analysis

• 8 Research Methodology

  • 8.1 Analysis Design
  • 8.2 Research Phases
  • 8.3 Study Timeline

• 9 Future Market Outlook

  • 9.1 Growth Forecast
  • 9.2 Market Evolution

• 10 Geographical Overview

  • 10.1 Europe - Market Analysis
    • 10.1.1 By Country
      • 10.1.1.1 UK
      • 10.1.1.2 France
      • 10.1.1.3 Germany
      • 10.1.1.4 Spain
      • 10.1.1.5 Italy
  • 10.2 Asia Pacific - Market Analysis
    • 10.2.1 By Country
      • 10.2.1.1 India
      • 10.2.1.2 China
      • 10.2.1.3 Japan
      • 10.2.1.4 South Korea
  • 10.3 Latin America - Market Analysis
    • 10.3.1 By Country
      • 10.3.1.1 Brazil
      • 10.3.1.2 Argentina
      • 10.3.1.3 Mexico
  • 10.4 North America - Market Analysis
    • 10.4.1 By Country
      • 10.4.1.1 USA
      • 10.4.1.2 Canada
  • 10.5 Middle East & Africa - Market Analysis
    • 10.5.1 By Country
      • 10.5.1.1 Middle East
      • 10.5.1.2 Africa
  • 10.6 Liver Diseases Therapeutics Market by Region

• 11 Global Economic Factors

  • 11.1 Inflation Impact
  • 11.2 Trade Policies

• 12 Technology & Innovation

  • 12.1 Emerging Technologies
  • 12.2 AI & Digital Trends
  • 12.3 Patent Research

• 13 Investment & Market Growth

  • 13.1 Funding Trends
  • 13.2 Future Market Projections

• 14 Market Overview & Key Insights

  • 14.1 Executive Summary
  • 14.2 Key Trends
  • 14.3 Market Challenges
  • 14.4 Regulatory Landscape

Segments Analyzed in the Report

The global Liver Diseases Therapeutics market is categorized based on

By Product Type

• Antiviral Drugs
• Immunomodulators
• Corticosteroids
• Chelating Agents
• Vaccines

By Application

• Hepatitis
• Liver Cancer
• Cirrhosis
• Alcoholic Liver Disease
• Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

By Distribution Channel

• Hospital Pharmacies
• Retail Pharmacies
• Online Pharmacies
• Drug Stores
• Clinics

By Ingredient Type

• Ursodeoxycholic Acid
• Interferons
• Ribavirin
• Corticosteroids
• N-Acetylcysteine

By Region

• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Latin America
• Middle East & Africa

Key Players

• AbbVie Inc.
• Gilead Sciences, Inc.
• GlaxoSmithKline plc
• Merck & Co., Inc.
• Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
• Novartis AG
• Roche Holding AG
• Amgen Inc.
• Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
• Hoffmann-La Roche AG
• Celgene Corporation
• Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
• Intercept Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
• Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated
• Zymeworks Inc.